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Iranian Journal of Public Health، جلد ۴۸، شماره ۵، صفحات ۹۰۲-۹۱۱
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عنوان انگلیسی Health Risk Assessment of Dermal Exposure to Heavy Metals Content of Chemical Hair Dyes
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Abstract Background: Contamination of hair dyes to heavy metals can threaten consumer's health. We investigated the concentrations of some important heavy metals in hair dyes and evaluates their non-carcinogenic effects. Methods: The most commonly used hair dyes were determined through questioners and 32 samples were collected from the market of Tehran in 2014. The concentration of 10 heavy metals (Fe, Ag, Co, Cr, Mn, Ba, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Al) was determined using ICP-MS. Based on the obtained data from distributed questionnaires and Monte Carlo simulation, the exposure to the evaluated heavy metals was estimated. Besides, using hazard quotient (HQ) and chronic hazard (HI), the risk of non-carcinogenic effects of investigated hair dyes consumption was specified. Results: Results indicated the average concentrations of Al, Ba, and Fe as 0.54, 0.86, and 1.19 mg kg-1 and those of Cd, Cu, and Pb as 0.45, 61.32, and 185.34 µg kg-1, respectively. Pb with HQ of 7.46e-4 had the highest risk and Fe with HQ of 3.4e-6 had the lowest level of risk. Among the investigated dyes, the ones made by Iran (HI=2.8e-4) and the dark brown color (HI=1.93e-4) had the highest level of risk among all the studied samples. Conclusion: Two indices of HI and HQ showed that heavy metal contents in the investigated samples had not probable non-carcinogenic risks for the consumers of these products.    
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نویسندگان مقاله | Fariba KHALILI
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran


| Amir Hossein MAHVI
1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran


| Simin NASSERI
1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran


| Masood YUNESIAN
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran


| Mehdi YASERI
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran


| Babak DJAHED
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
نشانی اینترنتی http://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/17125
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