| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Selection to increase the frequency of new mutations useful only in some subpopulations leaves markers at the genome level. Most of these regions are related to genes and QTLs associated with significant economic traits. The aim of this study was to identify selection traits related to functional traits in the number of world's sheep using modern methods. For this purpose, genotyping files were used using genomic chips related to 1591 sheep from different breeds of the world, (Dryad ،Frontiresin ،Zenodo ،Animal Genom، Hapmap( including 52 breeds from 20 countries on all continents, and 13 studies were stored in various genomic databases. First, to determine the population mixing between different breeds from regions with different climatic conditions, population structure analysis or population stratification was carried out. Fst, hapflk, iHs, Rsb, XpEHH tests were used to identify the selection signatures, and finally, a meta-analysis of the above methods was used. The population was divided into three groups by PCA analysis: AIT: Asian, Turkish and African breeds, AUNZ: Australian and New Zealand breeds, and EU: European breeds. Based on the meta-analysis test, 10 genus regions were identified on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, 20, 22. For example, the MC1R gene is associated with skin color, the DSG2 gene with the quality and quantity of wool, and the AICDA gene with the production of immunoglobulin. Bioinformatics analysis showed that some of these gene regions are directly and indirectly associated with genes affecting environmental adaptation (ADAMTS9), reproduction (GNAQ), melanocyte regulation (KITLG), and immunoglobulin production (BATF, TNFSF13, AICDA, MZB1), Cell differentiation (TNFSF13, TGFB1), Immune process (AGBL5, ATG7, PRDX1, CCL26, IL17RC, TNFSF12, TGFB2, PTGS1), Cellular response to external stimulation, NKK1, PRF3 (PR) Interferon alpha (DDX58), defense response process (CCL24, FAM13B, LDLR, CLDN7), cellular homeostasis (BAMBI, DVL2), regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (PLCE1) and regulation of stress response (FXR2, HSPH1). Comparative analysis of meta-analysis of selection cues based on bioinformatics databases can identify selected genomic regions for traits of economic and biological importance in sheep. |