| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Love is considered as a mystical and a romantic epistemological concept. It has a sophisticated relation with its surrounding society as well as its culture. In love, in both universal and individual terms, there is a significant focus on fascinator and fascinated regarding beauty. The concept of love has a special position in the world literature and each literary kind describes it and measures it in its own way. This work is considered as a divine-humanitarian Paradise Lost, in addition, one of the main concepts in epic is love. Since love in the epic world that is a intermediate between its position in epic as well as its real world, in this study we have used descriptive-analytical research to argue that love is not only a turning point in Paradise Lost, but also chases its own specific case to define its entity. Therefore, the major issue in this study is to define the status of love in Milton’s Paradise Lost and to answer this fundamental question that to what extent the concept of love has been reflected in characterization and form of the Paradise Lost’s content? Introduction Language of love is an international language in which everyone is familiar with; especially poets, sine they could be poets of human or sermons of the universe. Poets analyze emotions wherever love is concerned in order to obtain its affection and quality. (Suratgar, 1935, 338-332). Love is one of the most fundamental topics in literature and mysticism. Although how to discuss the topic has been various during different eras or based on specific social reasons, considering it in poems has never been neglected. It is worth mentioning that love cannot be divided into two or several sections. In fact, dividing love into earthly and heavenly has caused the misconception that these two are antonyms to each other. These two categorizations have led us to believe that the earthly love is evil, whereas, the heavenly one is the righteous love that should be appreciated. (Dehghani, 7:1998). One of the most essential literary concepts is the fact that love is the oldest emotion that has appeared in all literary genres and it has gain such a structure to which there could be no difference between Europe and Asia in this aspect. The origin of this concept can be found in the common emotion that all humans on earth share. According to represented perspectives, in this study we intend to analyze all human dimensions and all angles of love in various layers of Lost Paradise in order to reveal literary, epic and even religious views. In addition, we have tried to answer the following questions to the greatest extent:What is the definition and the description of love in Milton’s Paradise Lost regarding the concept of love?To what extent is the concept of love reflected in terms of form and content of Paradise Lost characterization?2-Methodology This study is fundamental in terms of goal, qualitative in terms of essence and descriptive in terms of data collection. In other words, the methodology of this research is approximately similar to a literary composition along with proof of concept. In addition, the method of research in this study is qualitative analysis and we have tried –after studying and data analysis via taking notes- to investigate the structure and essence of love through an intended topic writing. Considering goals and hypotheses as well as research methodology in this study, we have used qualitative data analysis commensurate with the research topic. In the present research through studying a defined population using a descriptive research, we have analyzed the obtained samples. Discussion Characters are mainly epic in Paradise Lost and they have been shaped based on religious thoughts. The poet has narrated the story in an epic form and has divided their essence into satanic or divine; nevertheless, the main center of characters are Adam and Eve, since the poet’s affiliation is towards human and God. As mentioned, the main axis of Paradise Love is God and alongside Him there exists, story of creation, human genesis, forbidden tree, fall of Adam and Eve and disobedience of Lucifer and other disloyal angels. These paramount axes are utterly intertwined so that if each is ignored, there will be a significant deficiency. Therefore, Milton speaks of the beginning of creation and the firsts, first human, first battle, first rebellion, first love, etc. Regarding the divine-human epic of Lost Paradise, there might appear this enquiry of whether the essence of love is parallel with the main essence of epic or not? The brief answer would be that love in the epic world is an intermediate between love in the mythical world and love in the realistic and historic era. Thus, we occasionally witness epics following a specific pattern of love; As in the most epic texts, the hero falls in love but this main pattern comes with exceptions claiming love to be shown in another way as well. Similar to the pattern that has been represented in Lost Paradise. Milton along with his realization of love as the basis of life permanence, pursues his pattern in this respect. Conclusion According to content analysis of Paradise Lost, results could be as follows:The main focus of Milton’s thought regarding love: He believes love as the focus of the universe and humans have no choice but to experience figurative love to approach the real one and he recognizes love as the permanence of life. Concerning love, human is considered as an intermediate between love’s affections and its calamities.According to our previously mentioned categorizations of love in Paradise Lost, love in Milton’s poem is represented as love between the creator and creation, God and angels and in the end Adam and Eve in the most affectionate and emotional way.Love in lyrical literature in Paradise Lost not only is perceivable, but also comprehensive; that is in Paradise Lost, the audience is able to see lyrical love, mythical love, divine love, religious love and even real love.In Paradise Lost, lovers’ figurative love and their selfless affection has come to perfection.The main essence or focus in Paradise Lost is lover and beloved. Occasionally, lover becomes beloved and vice versa. 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