| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Objective(s): Cadmium (CD) causes widespread and severe toxic effects on various tissues. Studies have shown that apoptosis, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress play a role in organ damage caused by CD. Phenolic compounds with strong antioxidant effects are found in various fruits and vegetables. One of these compounds is Gallic acid (GA), which is found both free and hydrolyzable in grapes, pomegranate, tea, hops, and oak bark. Result of various studies show that GA has active antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. In our study, we investigated the mechanism of the protective effect of GA on CD-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 50 adult male Sprague Dawley rats weighing approximately 200–250 g were used and the rats were divided into 5 groups: Control, CD, GA50+CD, GA100+CD, and GA100. The rats were treated with GA (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight), and Cd (6.5 mg/kg) was administrated to the rats for 5 consecutive days. The liver enzymes, TB levels in serum samples, oxidative stress, inflammation, ER stresses, apoptosis marker, histopathology, 8-OHDG, and caspase-3 positivity were analyzed. Results: CD administration significantly increased liver enzyme levels (AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH), MDA, IL-1-β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6, GRP78, CHOP, ATF6, p -IRE1, sXBP, Bax mRNA expression, Caspase 3, and 8-OHdG expression (P< 0.05). These values were found to be significantly lower in the Control, GA100+CD, and GA100 groups compared to the CD group (P< 0.05). CD administration significantly decreased the expression levels of TB, IL-4, SOD, GSH, CAT, GPX, and Bcl-2 mRNA (P< 0.05). These values were found to be significantly higher in the Control, GA100+CD, and GA100 groups compared to the CD group (P< 0.05).Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that GA prevented Cd-induced hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, ER stress, apoptosis, and tissue damage in rats. |
| نویسندگان مقاله |
| volkan Gelen
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| Emin Sengul
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey|Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| Serkan Yildirim
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| İrfan Cinar
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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