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International Journal of Engineering، جلد ۳۵، شماره ۱۰، صفحات ۱۹۶۷-۱۹۸۰
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عنوان انگلیسی Glutaraldehyde: Introducing Optimum Condition for Cross-linking the Chitosan/Gelatin Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Large bone defects caused by trauma or disease needs extra intervention. Gelatin/chitosan complex is one of the most valuable compositions for bone healing, but fast degradation in aqueous solution and low mechanical properties increase the need for cross-linking agent. The cross-linker concentration and cross-linking method had a significant effect on the properties of fabricated scaffolds. Here, three different cross-linking methods of Glutaraldehyde (GA), including addition to the solution, vapor exposure, and immersion, were studied by different in-vitro analyses to find the best GA cross-linker concentration and cross-linking method. Scanning electron microscopy showed homogeneous microstructures in all samples. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry revealed cross-linking reactions in all samples. Swelling ratio and biodegradation ratio was reduced by increasing cross-linking concentration and exposure time. Nonetheless, higher cross-linker concentration and exposure time improved mechanical properties, while it seems the cross-linking exposure time had more effect than concentration. Accordingly, GA (1 wt%) cross-linked scaffold with solution addition method showed suitable performance with 39.3° contact angle, 1.45±0.05 MPa compressive strength, 22.31±1.3 (%) swelling ratio, and 26.33±4.47 (%) biodegradation ratio. In-vitro experiments indicated cells were spread all over the scaffolds with higher than 80 (%) cell viability in all time points. The expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteo-related genes (osteocalcin and related transcription factor 2) were improved during 14 days of cell incubation and showed the high capacity of the scaffold support in mineralization and osto-differentiation. Therefore GA (1 wt% ) cross-linked scaffold with solution addition was introduced as the best candidate for bone repair and further studies.
کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله Bone Tissue Engineering Chitosan Cross,linking Gelatin Glutaraldehyde
نویسندگان مقاله F. Banafati Zadeh |
Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran

A. Zamanian |
Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran

نشانی اینترنتی https://www.ije.ir/article_151616_b963a85a3cd7ea21d60b31535e755a37.pdf
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