| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Introduction
Due to the quantitative and qualitative reduction of underground water, its management and protection measures have become a challenging issue. These actions can be evaluated by developing different models for simulating groundwater flow that are also used as decision support systems (DCS) (Omar et al., 2020a). Groundwater management includes the efficient and effective management of groundwater resources at a quantitative and qualitative level. A groundwater model similar to a real groundwater system can be simple (if prepared based on one-dimensional analytical solutions), or very complex (if prepared in a multi-layered three-dimensional form). Groundwater models can predict the future behavior of the system under constant and variable conditions (Leone et al., 2024). To develop an efficient model, it is always recommended to start with a simple model and then increase its complexity step by step until the concept of the model meets the modeling objectives. A good conceptual model should describe reality in a simple way that meets modeling goals and management requirements (Shahverdi & Maestre, 2023).
Methodology
In this research, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to investigate publication patterns, prominent countries, influential journals, and prominent authors in the field of numerical simulation and groundwater. Among other literature review methods, bibliometric analysis is different in that it includes extracting information about the behavior and dynamics of the domain of knowledge (Mahajan et al., 2024), visualization of published scientific articles (Baidya & Saha, 2024) and evaluation of efficiency, validity and the reliability of the research process (Kraus et al., 2024). Bibliometric analysis is a method that involves identifying, managing and applying the main analytical tools in a specific field of study (Pranajaya et al., 2024). For our scientometric analysis of numerical simulation research on groundwater, Web of Science Core Collections accessible through the Web of Science (WOS) database have been used. WOS has wide acceptance among researchers and has proven to be a valuable tool for conducting scientometric analysis in recent research (Rasera et al., 2023). It is among the most widely used databases in academic research and bibliography, and the retrieval of full citation records is constantly updated with new additions (AlRyalat et al., 2019).
Results and Discussion
From 1997 to 2023, a total of 2334 scientific documents related to numerical simulation and groundwater were identified in the WOS database, including 1912 (79.70%) research papers, 411 (17.13%) conference papers, 41 (7.17%) %) is a review article and other forms of publication. Biblioshiny results show that the number of documents has started to increase since 2008.
The 10 journals with the most relevant publications on "numerical simulation" and "groundwater" based on Biblioshiny's analysis are shown in Figure 7(a). A scientometric analysis of "numerical simulation" and "groundwater" studies for 1997-2023 identified JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY with the highest number of fully relevant articles (133), followed by WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH and WATER.
A total of 7436 authors published 2334 research papers on "numerical simulation" and "groundwater". Wang Y was the most productive author with 28 articles (relative value 5.32), followed by Liu Y. (relative value 5.38) and Zhang Y. (relative value 67.11).
Based on the bibliometric analysis, some of the topics that were more prevalent in the early years of "numerical simulation" and "underground water" research, have recently been less studied in scientific societies; including: spatial distribution, finite elements, stochastic analysis, mass transfer, variable density, unsaturated flow and macrodispersion. Also, some words have recently advanced and can be used as a basis for the authors' research, some of the most important of which include inrush (flow), drainage (groundwater), algorithm, permeability, management, watershed, hydraulic conductivity, and transport. They are soluble substances.
Conclusion
Underground aquifers have always been an important source of water supply in the world, especially in semi-arid and dry regions with low rainfall and lack of surface water resources. In recent decades, due to the increase in population, the need for water has increased dramatically and the rainfall is low, the underground aquifers have been seriously threatened due to the excessive exploitation of underground water. However, good planning and management as a result of a good understanding of the behavior of underground aquifers can help to solve this issue and ensure their sustainable and optimal use for us and our future generations. Recent years have seen extensive technological advances in groundwater hydrology. The present scientometric research shows the recent increasing interest of institutions, journals, researchers, countries and funding agencies in "numerical simulation" and "groundwater" research. With the discovery of numerous applications of models based on numerical simulation in groundwater studies, more academic articles have been published in this field. One of the areas of technological growth in the development and use of numerical simulation models has been distributed parameters for the analysis of flow and solute transport in groundwater systems. These advances are somewhat paralleled by the development and wider availability of faster, larger, more capable, yet less expensive computer system memories. Another area of major technological growth has been in the use of isotopic Analyses in groundwater hydrology, where isotopic measurements are used to help interpret and define groundwater flow paths, age, recharge zones, seepage, and interactions with surface waters. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of research articles and extracting deep insights are of great importance. The role of scientific research is important in understanding the methods and special applications of numerical simulation in groundwater studies. Based on the findings of the research, the study of inrush currents and the performance of evolutionary algorithms can be one of the hot spots of the future. |