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Addiction and Health، جلد ۱۶، شماره ۳، صفحات ۱۵۹-۱۶۲
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عنوان انگلیسی The Agreement between the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and the Heaviness of Smoking Index among Iranian Male Smokers
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Background: Nicotine dependence is one of the most significant barriers to smoking cessation. Therefore, measuring this 
dependence is crucial for effective smoking cessation interventions. The current study aimed to evaluate the degree of agreement 
between the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) among Iranian smokers.
Methods: We analyzed the data obtained from two previous studies among 580 daily smokers in Iran. Data were collected using 
the FTND scale. Cohen’s kappa was utilized to assess the degree of agreement between HSI and FTND.
Findings: The HSI showed significant agreement with FTND (Cohen’s kappa=0.72) in assessing nicotine dependence, with a 
sensitivity of 88.6% and a specificity of 90.3%. 
Conclusion: The HSI is a valid and reliable tool for measuring nicotine dependence, exhibiting significant agreement with FTND. 
As a result, the HSI can be considered an alternative to the FTND in both clinical and research settings, particularly for heavy 
smokers.
کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله smoking, nicotine dependence, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, Heaviness of Smoking Index
نویسندگان مقاله Bagher Pahlavanzade |
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Research Center for Environmental Contaminants, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran

Abdurrahman Charkazi |
Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

نشانی اینترنتی https://ahj.kmu.ac.ir/article_92508_3c5610dc8d57eb468ef9e36d86e06851.pdf
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