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جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی محیطی، جلد ۲۵، شماره ۱، صفحات ۱۱-۲۴
عنوان فارسی آلومتری تولید یخ و هویت مکانی زیستگاه‌های ایران مرکزی(ایده‌ای در حوزه دانش ژئومورفولوژی ایران)
چکیده فارسی مقاله مکان یکی ازعناصر اصلی تبلورهویت انسان است وتصویری که از تفاوتهای مکانی در ذهن و احساسات او به وجود می‌اید می تواند بر ادراک او از محیط و شکل گیری شاکله فهم او از مکان تاثیر گذار باشد. دلبستگی بشر و چگونگی شکل یافتن هویت او در مناظر ومکانها، یکی از عمیق ترین نیازهای انسان برای احساس هویت و تعلق او به مکان است. هویت با عناصری چون زمان، مکان، فضا و فرهنگ معنا می یابد و نقش برجسته آن در ادوار و مکانهای مختلف گاه بر عنصر فرهنگ و زمانی بر عنصر مکان و.... تأکید می‌ورزد.به همین خاطر و بدون تردید این مفهوم در شکل گیری هویت زیستگاه‌های ایران نقشی انکار ناپذیر دارد.در ارزش و نقش مکان همین بس که از یازده عنصر موثر در ایجاد فضا و مفهوم آن، هشت عنصر جزء خصیصه‌های مکانی قلمداد می شود ( شعری مقدم 1382). با این توصیف می توان تا حدودی به اهمیت خصیصه‌های مکانی در شکل گیری هویت شهرها و روستاها از یکسو و فرم، وسعت والگوهای گوناگون زندگی این جوامع واقف شد. از منظر دانش جغرافیا ، هویت مکانی نقش برجسته ای در تنوع اشکال زندگی درایران دارد به گونه‌ای که ساختارهای سکونتگاهی وتفاوتهای شکلی آنها در مدنیت‌های یکجانشین مانند شهرها و روستاها برآیندی از هویت مکانی آنهاست. موضوعی ‌که در این نظریه به آن پرداخته شده است معطوف به حافظه تاریخی ژئومرفولوژی سرزمین ایران در کواترنری است و نقش هویت زایی مکانی درتنوع و ‌پراکندگی‌ کانون‌های -جمعیتی ‌ایران ‌چه در‌طیف شهری و چه در طیف سکونتگاههای روستائی وعشایری محور عطف در این دیدگاه است وسعی دارد قوانین ‌خاصی که این مولفه‌ها در مقیاسی کلان نقش کلیدی در شکل گیری وتفاوت الگوهای مدنی و زندگی ومعیشت در ایران داشته را باز شناسی وتبیین نماید. کانون تأثیرگذار بر هویت مکانی کانونهای مدنی که دست مایه اصلی این نظریه قلمداد شده، آلومتری یخ وفرایند یخسازی کوهستانهای ایران در کواترنری است.
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عنوان انگلیسی The glacier alometry and spatial identity of the habitat in central Iran
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله  Extended Abstract 1- Introduction Space is one of the major elements where human identity is crystallized and creates a perception from different spaces in human mind and feelings which enriches the environment concept and generate structural forms which would in turn have its effect on space. Human attachment and the manner by which spatial identity is formed in his perception is one of the fundamental requirements to sense identity through where he belongs. Identity is defined through elements like time, locality, space and culture where its outstanding contribution in different eras and places emphasis on the same elements. With no doubt this contribution of this concept in formation of habitats’ identity in Iran is inevitable. there are eleven effective elements involved in creation of space and its context among which eight Elements are assigned to habitat. Accordingly, the essence of spatial factors in rural and urban space in formation of identity on one hand and the different magnitude and patterns involved in the living style of these cultures can be clarified to a certain degree. In the geographic science context, spatial identity has its major role in variety of life styles in Iranian societies, which is manifested through the diversified architecture regarding communal formations like rural and urban areas.    2- Method The issue of concern in this theory refers to the ancient geomorphologic memory of Iran’s geography in quaternery era and the habitat identity in a variety of population core distribution of urban, rural and nomadic forms. The effective focal point in the civic identity issue, considered as the core of the theory, is the glassier alometry and the ice-making process in the mountains of Iran  quaternery in era. 3- Results and discussion  Theorization of morphologic is a fundamental issue and of course the role of morphologic formation of earth’s features should not be taken as a single matter.  A close observation on the documented issues (books, articles, etc.) regarding geomorphology of Iran indicate that many different researchers on the quaternery era of Iran’s geology have tried to recall the natural phenomenon of the era. What is outstanding in these studies is that none of the issues fit in a theoretical comprehensive format through which the effect of the natural phenomenon of on human habitat in that era could be explained and analyzed.  The glacier alometry is a theory where concepts like space identity, social herding, nomadism and settlement, hot and cold civilization, the forms analysis and geomorphic processes regarding space identity and social connections in Iran are addressed in addition to the space Memory, something that we face today. This theory seeks a geomorphologic explanation to this fundamental question as why such a set up and role of rural and urban distribution in Iran follows such a manner and what is the correlation among the rural and urban identity with the climatic changes in quaternery era in central Iran. The three major features involve in defining the spatial identity in civic sense in Iran are the geographic direction of the mountainous regions,peaks with more than 2500 meters and the holes neighboring these heights. The role of mountainous direction in Iran, the central part in specific is fundamental in revealing the urban patterns which is subject to such a factor. With a look at the location of the cities: Arak, Isfahan, Kashan, Natanz, Ardestan, Naiin, Aghda, Maybod, Yazd, Anar, Rafsanjan and Kerman at the Eastern Zagros Mountains front skirts it could be deduced that all these civic centers are located at the shaded front and at the sunny front (by twice the precipitation rate) the civic center is developed. It is obvious that such a patern is due to the effective nature of direction defined in space.  The heights provide the ice for the mountain glacier and the neighboring water for the holes. This produced ice at the mountains after being accumulated and moved towards the domains by crossing the permanent snow boundary line kept their path and as the environmental temperature increased, at a point called water-ice equilibration line, the ice melted and the rivers led the water to the neighboring holes. The location where the rivers meet the lake water level is called the water-land equilibration line.  The intriguing point in this process is that: at the water-ice equilibrium line on this path the rural and at the water-land equilibrium line on this path the urban civilizations are identified which constitute the major principle of urban and rural formation identity. Since all of these urban areas are identified through the glacier making process in the quaternery cold-eras, categorically they are called the cold settlement civilizations.  The Persian Gulf coast line was 70 meters higher from what is today and this line corresponds to the existing level of the citis of Borazjan, Behbahan, Dezful, Haft tapeh, Shoosh, Dehloran, and Rahmormos extending on a northwest path crossing Ilam province in Iran towards Tacrit and Ammareh at the north east in Iraq. This means that with the decline of urban civilization due to intense reduction of glacier making processes and dewatering of the lakes in most of Iran, in other parts of Iran development progressed to form civilization and the coastal cities formation, what is called the warm settlement civilization.  The initial assessments of geomorphologic science in the quaternery era indicate that the spatial identity issue in Iran needs a deep understanding of its natural history and concepts like cold and warm settlement civilizations and spatial memory. In this course the frigidity shocks occurred in  quaternery era have left their marks on Iran and other parts of the world. These shocks’ effects on European habitats and civilizations are of fundamental difference from that of Iran. The alometry components in glacier generation and ice-making and civil centers in central Iran indicate that the fact that the magnitude of the area occupied by the inhabitants and the glacier mass of ice-making on one hand and the set up and status manner of their settlement with variables like mountain chains’ direction in central Iran and the ice-water and water-land equilibrium line follow a specific rationale in a sense that could be referred to as the following axioms: The ice-making process in the cold quaternery periods in Iran reveal major identity of the most civic cores from the settlement civilizations in central Iran. The water-ice equilibrium line defines the rural and the water-land equilibrium line defines the urban spatial identity in central Iran.The mountainous coverage ratio to their adjacent holes centers define existence of a statistical significance in a sense that this relation is a coupling relation and shows a positive correlation. The hot quaternery periods define the coastal habitats’ identity of Iran like citis of Borazjan, Behbahan, Dezful, Haft tapeh, Shoosh, Dehloran, and Rahmormos extending on a northwest path crossing Ilam province in Iran towards Tacrit and Ammareh at the north east in Iraq.. In this era the South and South West of Iran is concurrent with the expansion of civilization in Europe and America.
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نویسندگان مقاله فرهاد باباجمالی |


نشانی اینترنتی http://gep.ui.ac.ir/article_18640_10079cd2b789d24ae39d68fc3499b2a0.pdf
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