Background: Exposure to sodium fluoride (Naf) via sources such as the environment, use of toothpaste, pesticides cause toxicity in the liver, kidney and brain where it induces oxidative stress. Vitamin B plays an important role in the body by taking part in metabolism and scavenging of free radicals thereby protecting the body against oxidative stress. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the ameliorative effect of vitamin B on sodium fluoride induced hepato-renal and brain damage.

Methods:  Twenty (20) adult male Wistar rats were used for the experiment. They were randomly divided into four groups of five rats each; Group I were administered distilled water, Group II NaF at 600ppm, Group III NaF at 600ppm + Vitamin B (10 ml/kg/day) and group IV Vitamin B (10 ml/kg/day) administered orally, daily for four weeks. Hematology, serum biochemical and oxidative stress markers in the liver, kidney and brain were analyzed.

Results: WBC, RBC, PCV and hemoglobin were decreased in the NaF group. Also, serum ALT, AST, ALP, urea and creatinine were significantly (p<0.05) increased. There was significant decrease (p<0.05) in the liver, kidney and brain catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. There was significant increase (p<0.05) in liver, kidney and brain malondialdehyde in NaF group compared to other groups.

Conclusion: Administration of Vitamin B alone did not cause any biochemical alterations in the liver, kidney and brain. Co-administration of NaF and Vitamin B for four weeks ameliorated the oxidative changes induced by NaF in the liver, kidney and brain