Indigenous architecture in rural settlements serves as evidence of the history and valuable culture of the land. However, in contemporary developments, less attention has been given to the indigenous architecture of villages. Therefore, understanding indigenous architecture can provide a foundation for addressing the cultural, social, economic, and developmental needs of these valuable settlements and can also have an impact on the transfer of architectural knowledge and cultural experiences to other regions. The aim of this research is to examine the dimensions and components of indigenous architecture in rural settlements and explore their manifestations in the village of Qale Bala, Shahrood. This research is both practical in terms of its objective and descriptive-analytical in terms of its methodology. To achieve this, the dimensions and components of indigenous architecture were identified through a study of library documents, and a theoretical framework was developed following content analysis. Subsequently, a case study was conducted in the village of Qale Bala, Shahroud, using field research and an analytical approach. The research findings indicate that the economic-livelihood, socio-cultural, and climatic-environmental dimensions play a significant role in shaping indigenous architecture in rural settlements. In the economic-livelihood dimension, factors such as the type of functionality, livelihood, income status, and building materials are influential. In the socio-cultural dimension, factors such as social relationships and interactions, a sense of belonging, cultural values, and norms have an impact. In the climatic-physical dimension, factors such as spatial and physical structure, environmental comfort, climatic adaptation, spatial flexibility, and functional performance are influential. Furthermore, the fabric and housing of the Qale Bala village are influenced by all of these components and indicators, making it an example of indigenous architecture that is aligned with the climate, culture, and rural way of life.