| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Habitat Suitability Index modeling (HSI) is a valuable tool in ecology that can be used to describe the relationship between abundance and environmental variables to evaluate the suitability of habitats. In this study, the habitat preference of Garra rezai was done using the kernel smoothing method in the Little Zab River in the four seasons of 2022. For this purpose, sampling was done from 6 stations with 3 repetitions, and environmental factors, including temperature, slope, water flow velocity, river width, water depth, altitude, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved substances (TDS) were measured and recorded at each station. The results showed that the preferred areas of this species in spring are those habitats with high pH, high temperature, low TDS, medium EC, high altitude, medium water velocity, medium depth, large river width, and low slope. The most preferred areas in the summer have high pH, high temperature, low TDS, medium EC, higher altitude, low depth, medium river width, higher water velocity, and medium slope. The results of the autumn season revealed that the preferred areas have high pH, lower temperature, low TDS, medium EC, high altitude, medium depth, medium river width, high water velocity, and medium slope. In the winter, it was also found that the preferred areas of this species have higher pH, medium TDS, high EC, high altitude, medium depth, high river width, medium water velocity, and low slope. Akaike information criterion values were obtained based on four arithmetic, geometric, maximum, and minimum methods for four seasons, and the results showed that the maximum method was the best. In conclusion, this species had almost different habitat preferences during different seasons, but these changes are due to changes in temperature and hydrological parameters of the river to adapt to its biological needs.
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