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Nanomedicine Journal، جلد ۱۲، شماره ۴، صفحات ۶۷۳-۶۸۹
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عنوان انگلیسی Evaluation of chemo-photodynamic therapy of multi-drug (metformin-methylene blue) conjugated to ferrofluidic nanocarrier on triple-negative breast cancer cells in hyperglycemic conditions
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Objective(s): Previous studies have established a link between hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and hyperinsulinemia (elevated insulin levels) in diabetes, and the subsequent promotion of cancer cell growth. Among various cancers, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive types, which can exhibit heightened malignancy in the presence of diabetes. The objective of this study is to introduce a novel approach to combined chemo-photodynamic therapy (Ch-PDT) for TNBC, utilizing metformin (MET) and methylene blue (MB) conjugated to a ferrofluidic nanocarrier, targeting MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells under conditions that simulate high blood sugar.Material and methods: To this end, Fe₃O₄f nanoparticles were synthesized via the hydrothermal method and subsequently modified with polyethylene glycol and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to enhance drug loading efficiency. The physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, EDX, ¹H-NMR, VSM, and UV-VIS spectroscopy. For the Ch-PDT application, the cells were incubated with the different formulations and subjected to various irradiation conditions. Cell viability was then assessed for all treatment groups using the MTT assay.Results: Increased exposure in the MB-containing group resulted in reduced cell survival, likely due to the photosensitizing properties of methylene blue. However, in the Fe₃O₄f-PEG-MET-MB group, cell death increased significantly as the irradiation time was extended. This synergistic effect is attributed to the enhanced efficacy of combined chemo-photodynamic therapy (Ch-PDT), which optimizes the therapeutic potential of metformin (P < 0.01).Conclusion: Based on the results, Ch-PDT can be an effective method in increasing the efficiency of metformin in inhibiting metastatic breast cancer tumor cells in hyperglycemic conditions.
کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله Hyperglycemia, Metformin, Methylene blue, Photodynamic Therapy, Breast Cancer
نویسندگان مقاله | Samaneh Chalaki
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran


| Mostafa Gholizadeh
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran


| Batool Akhlaghinia
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran


| Armin Imanparast
Medical Physics Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran|Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran


| Ameneh Sazgarnia
Medical Physics Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran|Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
نشانی اینترنتی https://nmj.mums.ac.ir/article_26388.html
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