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International Journal of Organ Transplantation Medicine، جلد ۱۵، شماره ۳، صفحات ۰-۰
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عنوان انگلیسی Clinical Characteristics, Pharmacotherapy, and Outcomes of Mucormycosis in Kidney Transplant Recipients Diagnosed with COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Referral Center in Iran
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Background: Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection that affects immunocompromised individuals, with key predisposing factors including diabetes and organ transplantation. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a global increase in mucormycosis cases, but data on kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) remain limited. Objective: This study evaluates the epidemiology and outcomes of mucormycosis in KTRs at an Iranian referral center. Methods: This retrospective cohort study examined the clinical features, risk factors, treatment approaches, and outcomes of mucormycosis in KTRs with prior COVID-19 infection (case group) compared to KTRs with COVID-19 but without mucormycosis (control group). The study was conducted from July 2023 to August 2024 at the largest organ transplant center in Shiraz, southern Iran. Results: The study comprised 119 participants (14 mucormycosis cases, 105 controls). Cases predominantly involved males (64.3%) aged 40–60 years, with 64.3% being overweight/obese and high rates of hypertension (50%) and diabetes (21.4%). Most mucormycosis diagnoses (64.3%) occurred within five years postkidney transplantation, with a median baseline eGFR of 27.5 ml/min/1.73 m². Controls had a similar male predominance (67.7%), but a lower prevalence of overweight/obesity (10.5%), and a 48.1% history of COVID-19 within the past year. COVID-19 treatments included corticosteroids (78.6%) and remdesivir (39.1%). Orbital mucormycosis (45.4%) predominated, with spring being the peak diagnostic season. All cases underwent CT imaging and received antifungal treatment. Univariate analysis revealed no significant risk factors for the development of mucormycosis. Hospital mortality was 35.8% in the case group versus 18% in the control group, and the case group had a markedly longer hospital stay (24 days vs. 8 days). Conclusion: Mucormycosis predominantly affected males aged 40-60 with high rates of comorbidities and corticosteroid use. This study is one of the few to examine KTRs with COVID-19–associated mucormycosis in Iran. Most diagnoses occurred within five years post-transplantation, with orbital mucormycosis being common. No independent risk factors for the development of mucormycosis were identified. Further research is needed to understand risk factors and improve management for KTRs.
کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله Mucormycosis,Kidney transplantation,COVID-19,Immunocompromised Host,Antifungal agents
نویسندگان مقاله | Laleh Mahmoudi
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran


| Zahra Ebrahimi-Bidgoli
Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran


| Amirreza Dehghanian
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran


| Omid Moradi
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences


| Iman Karimzadeh
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
نشانی اینترنتی https://www.ijotm.com/ojs/index.php/IJOTM/article/view/1169
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کد مقاله (doi) 10.61882/ijotm.2024.15.1169
زبان مقاله منتشر شده en
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نوع مقاله منتشر شده Original Articles
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