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Cell Journal، جلد ۱۶، شماره Suppl ۱، صفحات ۲۷-۲۷
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عنوان انگلیسی Is-27: Manufactured Oocytes and Sperm from Human Stem Cells: Just How Promiscuous are Cells In Vitro?
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله The 2012 Nobel Prizes to John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka for their seminal work in nuclear transfer and induced pluripotency, coupled with the 2010 Nobel Prize to Bob Edwards for pioneering in vitro fertilization in humans, attests to the contemporary importance of stem cells and regenerative medicine for ART. This lecture considers pluripotent stem cells, their differentiation into both oocytes and sperm in vitro, as well as their fidelity. Our report entitled: Direct Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Haploid Spermatogenic Cells notes that: ‘‘Here, we show that hESCs and hiPSCs differentiate directly into advanced male germ cell lineages, including postmeiotic, spermatid-like cells, in vitro without genetic manipulation. These results demonstrate that male PSCs have the ability to differentiate directly into advanced germ cell lineages and may represent a novel strategy for studying spermatogenesis in vitro.’’ Understanding human gametogenesis is vital for improving infertility therapies and contraceptives. Patient-specific stem cells undergoing gametogenesis in vitro represent innovative models for mechanistic investigations and potential therapies. Fertile offspring generated from oocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Hayashi et al. Report in Science. that: “We show here that female embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in mice are induced into primordial germ cell–like cells (PGCLCs), which, when aggregated with female gonadal somatic cells as reconstituted ovaries, undergo X-reactivation, imprint erasure, cyst formation, and exhibit meiotic potential. Upon transplantation … contribute to fertile offspring.” This work teaches us surprising features about oogenesis in vitro IN MICE. So unless your patients are rodents, please do not let ‘fertile’ imaginations run wild yet. Cellular promiscuity: Explaining Cellular Fidelity In Vivo versus. Unrestrained Pluripotency In Vitro. The differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into various progeny, including now spermatids and oocytes, is perplexing. This differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into various progeny, including now oocytes and spermatids, is perplexing. In vivo, Nature imposes strict fate constraints. Yet in vitro, reprogrammed PSCs liberated from the body government freely differentiate into any phenotype (except placenta), violating even somatic vs. germ cell segregations – raising concerns regarding ‘Cellular Promiscuity.
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نشانی اینترنتی http://celljournal.org/journal/article/abstract/321
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