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Cell Journal، جلد ۱۵، شماره Suppl ۱، صفحات ۴-۵
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عنوان انگلیسی Is-10: Consent in Cord Blood Banking and Its Applications
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله The first time usage of Stem cells from umbilical cord in transplant medicine was reported in 1988. Over the next years, the use of cells from cord blood was accepted to be an effective alternative to cells from bone marrow in treatments for some malignant and metabolic diseases. So far, majority of cord blood transplants have been carried out from HLA matched unrelated donors. Cord blood banks are two types: private in which, people save their child's cord blood for the future use and pay the expenses and public in which, people donate their cord bloods to use for HLA matched patients. There are some ethical issues regarding cord blood bank both in banking and utilization of the cells. The major ethical issue in this regard is "informed consent". The first argument is who owns the cord blood: father, mother or the child? Many countries relate the cord blood to the mother as the placenta is considered a part of her. But there are some claims that consider the child as the owner of cord blood, as it is genetically related to the child. In Iranian code of research ethics, for performing researches on cord blood, obtaining consent from both mother and father is considered necessary. But in the cord blood banks it remained uncertain, from mother, from father or from both. As the placenta has blood relation to the mother and the procedure of obtaining the cord blood involves mother alone, it seems that the consent should be obtained from mother alone. Perhaps, the same logic is used for obtaining consent for therapeutic abortion in Iranian law, which needs the consent from mother alone. But, remaining question is for using the cells as a treatment for HLA matched patients, in the case that the child is grown up, would it be necessary to obtain the consent from the child or not? It seems that if the child is 16 years old or more, and the blood can be traced, the consent is necessary, but if the cord blood bank is anonymous, no need for it. The second argument is about the information which is needed for the client of the private bank. There is no report about the potential harm for the mother although technician errors can occur. The fact that the culture of these cells has not been achieved and each blood could be used just for a 20 kg child should be discussed. The uncertain length of cryopreservation and possible usage for the child and family members must be fully presented. Insurance of the bank and possible harms to the bloods by accidents, fire and natural disaster should be mentioned. For public banks, the request of the donors is the priority to use the blood in exchange of their donation, which is impossible in most of the cases. Finally, a detail contract must be written to clarify everything for the parties and avoiding any misunderstanding.
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نشانی اینترنتی http://celljournal.org/journal/article/abstract/775
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