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پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی (زراعت سابق)، جلد ۲۹، شماره ۴، صفحات ۱۰۵-۱۱۷
عنوان فارسی تجزیه پایداری عملکرد دانه در ژنوتیپ‌های گلرنگ
چکیده فارسی مقاله هدف از این تحقیق تجزیه اثرات متقابل ژنوتیپ و محیط بر عملکرد دانه 30 ژنوتیپ گلرنگ با استفاده از تجزیه مدل اثرات اصلی افزایشی و ضرب پذیر (AMMI) و نیز ارزیابی ژنوتیپ‌ها، محیط ها و اثرات متقابل آنها با استفاده از آماره های پایداری و اکووالانس ریک می باشد. آزمایش ها در دو ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی شیروان و سیساب طی سه سال زراعی 94-1391 اجرا شدند. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه امی نشان داد که اثرات اصلی ژنوتیپ، محیط، اثرات متقابل (GE) و چهار مولفه اول اثر متقابل معنی دار بودند. نمودار بای پلات قادر به تفکیک ژنوتیپ های پایدار و محیط‌ های با قدرت تفکیک بالا از محیط‌ های ضعیف بود. براساس نتایج تجزیه‌ای و پارامتر های پایداری مورد بررسی ژنوتیپ‌ های 2 و 4 با میانگین عملکرد بالاتر از میانگین کل دارای پایداری مطلوب بودند در صورتی که ژنوتیپ‌ های 20 و 21 با بیشترین تاثیر در اثر متقابل ناپایدارترین ژنوتیپ‌ها بودند.
کلیدواژه‌های فارسی مقاله اثرات متقابل ژنوتیپ × محیط، تجزیه امی، سازگاری،
عنوان انگلیسی Stability analysis of seed yield in safflower genotypes
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Title: Stability analysis of seed yield in safflower genotypes Introduction: Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an annual plant and has been used for dye, food coloring, medicine, vegetable, hay, birdseed, edible oil and both fresh-cut and dried flowers. Spatial variability is inherent in all field experiments. The relative performance of lines varies with environment, and this genotype × environment (G×E) interaction hampers selection of lines for cultivation over a wide region. The objectives of this study were to analyze genotype by environment (GE) interactions on the seed yield of 30 safflower genotypes by the additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) model and to evaluate genotype (G), environment (E) and GE interactions using statistics parameter i.e. AMMI stability value (ASV) and ecovalence (W2i). Materials and Methods: Thirty safflower genotypes were evaluated over a three year period (2012-15) across two research stations in Iran and there were 6 growing environments in total. The individual trials were conducted using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The experiments were planted in autumn of each year. Each genotypes was sown in plots (9 m2) of 6 rows, 5-m long with spacing of 30-cm between rows. Normal agronomic operations like weed and pest control were done. Each plot was harvested leaving 30 cm on both ends of the rows in order to exclude border effects. Simple analyses of variance in all environments were done for seed yield, separately. Combined analysis of variance was performed assuming genotype effect as fixed, environment effect as random factor. Results and Discussion: The results of combined analysis of variance showed that there were highly significant differences (P< 0.01) among genotypes, environments and interaction effects for seed yield. The analysis of data from safflower trials showed that 28.70% of the total sum of squares was attributable to environmental effects, 55.91% to genotypic effects, and 15.39% to genotype  environment interaction effects. Main effects due to environment, genotype, and genotype  environment interactions as well as four first interaction principal components (IPCA1-4) were found to be significant, indicating that the agro-climatic environmental conditions were different, and that there was a differential response of the genotypes to the environments. The first two IPCA components of the GE interaction explained 83.57% of the GE interaction. Estimates of six genotypic parameters and their ranking for seed yields of safflower genotypes are given in Table 3. According to IPCA1, G7 and G2 had the lowest scores and were the most stable genotypes whereas G21 and G20 with the highest scores were found to be unstable. The lowest ASV was observed for G2 and G4 that were the most stable genotypes whose mean yield was higher than the grand mean, whereas the highest ASV scores were achieved by G21, G20 and G27. AMMI biplot was used to visualizing mean seed yield performance and stability of safflower genotypes. AMMI biplot was able to distinguish stable genotypes, with wide and specific adaptation, and environments, with high and low genotype discrimination ability. The genotypes 2 and 4 with higher seed yield than total mean were the most stable genotypes, while the genotypes 20 and 21 with the highest contribution to GE interaction were the most instable genotypes. Wricke's ecovalence stability parameter (W2i) showed that the genotypes G9, G2, G11 and G4 were the most stable genotypes. Conclusion: In this study, according to the AMMI model, the G2 and G4 were the genotypes with the best adaptation and superior in all environments. Acknowledgements: I would like to thank E. Neyestani and other members of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Khorasan Shomali for their kind advices. The collaborations of A. Hakimi, A. Saburi and M. Hakimi at Shirvan agricultural research station are greatly acknowledged. Key words: Adaptability, GE interaction, AMMI analysis, Carthamus tinctorius. References: 1. Annicchiarico, P. 1997. Joint regression vs. AMMI analysis of genotype-environment interactions for cereals in Italy. Euphytica, 94: 53-62. 2. Gauch, H.G. and R.W. Zobel. 1996. AMMI analysis of yield trials. P. 85-122. In: Kang, M.S., Gauch, H.G. (eds.) Genotype by environment interaction, 1-14 pp., CRC press. Boca Raton. 3. Mohammadi, R., S.S. Pourdad, and A. Amri. 2008. Grain yield stability of spring safflower. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research.
کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله Adaptability, GE interaction, AMMI analysis
نویسندگان مقاله مسعود اسکندری تربقان | eskandari torbaghan
مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی

سید حسین نعمتی | seyed hossein
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد - دانشکده کشاورزی- گروه علوم باغبانی
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه فردوسی (Ferdowsi university)

علی تهرانی فر |
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه علوم باغبانی
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه فردوسی (Ferdowsi university)

لیلا سمیعی |
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی، گروه پژوهشی گیاهان زینتی
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه فردوسی (Ferdowsi university)

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