| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Pottery, as the most common archaeological data, is significant at archaeological analysis. Because of continuous manufacturing, pottery accepts transformations and innovations at form and designs that caused by cultural internal evolution and development. Another part of changes occurred on cultural and economic relations with far and close societies. It is actually cultural characteristic that is highly significant in interrelation and intra relation among cultures. According to earlier reasons, relative chronology of site and common techniques at pottery manufacture and decoration of a period can be understood. Islamic potteries are including unglazed and glazed ones where formers are buff, grey and red with thin and thick slip. Most of unglazed pottery temper is inorganic such as sand, sandstorm, and grit mixed by broken bricks, lime, and fine silver mica. Limes of temper in some cases are so high that after kilning the vessel swells and cracks. Decorations are including incised, augmented, inlayed, and impression; among characteristic samples are a vessel with impressed inscription, and an intact inlayed vessel. Discovered Islamic glazed potteries from Samen are varied largely comparing to recovered unglazed ones. They have buff clay and in some cases pseudo-Chinese ware. They are mostly wheel made and have inorganic temper. There are considerable numbers of monochrome glazed potteries that vary from turquoise, light green, azure, white, dark green whereas turquoise, azure, and green have considering plentitude amount of potteries. Pottery, as the most common archaeological data, is significant at archaeological analysis. Because of continuous manufacturing, pottery accepts transformations and innovations at form and designs that caused by cultural internal evolution and development. Another part of changes occurred on cultural and economic relations with far and close societies. It is actually cultural characteristic that is highly significant in interrelation and intra relation among cultures. According to earlier reasons, relative chronology of site and common techniques at pottery manufacture and decoration of a period can be understood. Islamic potteries are including unglazed and glazed ones where formers are buff, grey and red with thin and thick slip. Most of unglazed pottery temper is inorganic such as sand, sandstorm, and grit mixed by broken bricks, lime, and fine silver mica. Limes of temper in some cases are so high that after kilning the vessel swells and cracks. Decorations are including incised, augmented, inlayed, and impression; among characteristic samples are a vessel with impressed inscription, and an intact inlayed vessel. Discovered Islamic glazed potteries from Samen are varied largely comparing to recovered unglazed ones. They have buff clay and in some cases pseudo-Chinese ware. They are mostly wheel made and have inorganic temper. There are considerable numbers of monochrome glazed potteries that vary from turquoise, light green, azure, white, dark green whereas turquoise, azure, and green have considering plentitude amount of potteries. However, some of turquoise and azure glaze were teary on external surface. There are potteries that decorated with augmented, grooved, and incised decoration, among glazed ones. As of the most valuable archaeological data, pottery is regarded culturally significant; because of numerous amounts of manufacturing and durability susceptible to various innovations and transformations through times. Underground troglodytic architecture complex at Sämen, Malayer, regarding cultural data especially recovered potteries, is of the characteristic and unique sites with varieties of Islamic potteries. In present paper, the authors involve in investigating various types of recovered potsherds through four seasons of archaeological researches, then analyzing them for technics, forms, and decorations. Methodologically, the research is based on data from archaeological excavations and bibliographical investigations. Characteristic pottery types are impressed inscribed vessels; inlaid potteries; Sgraffito ceramics; painting on glaze (Minai); painting under glaze (Ghalam Meshki); anthropomorphic and zooid stylistic designs; blue and white; and lusterware which can be dated to middle and late Islamic centuries while comparing to Soltan Abad and Saveh potteries. |