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International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health، جلد ۵، شماره ۴، صفحات ۱۳۵-۱۳۹
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عنوان انگلیسی Emergency Response of Indian Hajj Medical Mission to Heat Illness Among Indian Pilgrims in Tent-Clinics at Mina and Arafat During Hajj, 2016
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Introduction: Extreme heat claims more lives than all other weather-related exposures combined. Hajj rituals at Mina, Arafat, and Muzdalifah involve a minimally-clothed, moving assemblage of 3.5 million pilgrims who are exposed to a harsh, hot, desert climate during physically challenging outdoor rituals and unsheltered night stays, rendering them prone to heat illness, dehydration, and sunburn. This cross-sectional study assessed the emergency response of the Indian Hajj Medical Mission to overwhelming heat illnesses in Mina and Arafat among Indian pilgrims during Hajj, 2016. Methods: In 2016, 88 patients affected by the heat were brought to central tent-clinics at 36 maktabs in Mina and Arafat that were established by the Indian Hajj Medical Mission. Patients were offered rapid external evaporative cooling (wet towels) and cold intravenous saline infusion on patient couches and wheelchairs. Results: The incidence of heat illness among Indian pilgrims in 2016 was 0.62/1000. The ratio of males to females was 1.8:1. Mean ages of males and females were 62.2 ± 7.43 and 52.6 ± 9.3, respectively. Pre-existing conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, were present in 93.2% of the patients. The most common presentations included hyperthermia, fatigue, and restlessness. Heatstroke presented in five patients and resulted in one fatality. Twenty-eight patients were referred to Saudi hospitals, and 12 of them were institutionalized. Exertion related to the stoning of Satan ritual during late morning and afternoon hours was the leading cause of heat illness. Conclusion: The overwhelming incidence of heat illness among Indian pilgrims in the critical five-day period of the Hajj represents the tip of the iceberg as the Hajj attracts over 3.5 million pilgrims from 200 countries annually. Heat illness is difficult to manage in the presence of pre-existing comorbidities and mandates clientele education and outreach warning systems to enhance resilience capital amongst Hajj pilgrims, sportspersons, outdoor enthusiasts, and military personnel.
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نویسندگان مقاله inam danish خان | inam danish
army college of medical sciences and base hospital, new delhi, india

سید bahavuddin حسینی | syed bahavuddin
madurai medical college, government rajaji hospital, madurai, india

shazia خان |
specialist obstetrics and gynaecology, inhs kalyani, vishakhapatnam, india

فیض mh احمد | faiz mh
army college of medical sciences and base hospital, new delhi, india

فیصل احمد فیصل | faisal ahmad
specialist paediatrics, mh roorkee, india

محمد عارف سلیم | muhammad arif
hospital administrator, assam, india

razzakur رحمانی |
specialist physiology, guwahati, india

سید asif هاشمی | syed asif
army college of medical sciences and base hospital, new delhi, india

بشرا آسیما |
army hospital research and referral, new delhi, india

محمد shaikhoo مصطفی | muhammad shaikhoo
public health consultant, chennai, india

نشانی اینترنتی http://www.ijtmgh.com/article_53558_61f9e5f22586bc3a5eeb6359402371cf.pdf
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