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Cell Journal، جلد ۲۰، شماره ۳، صفحات ۳۰۲-۳۱۱
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عنوان انگلیسی Breast Cancer Heterogeneity: A focus on Epigenetics and In Vitro 3D Model Systems
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer is a widely prevalent form of neoplasia in women with fairly alarming mortality statistics. This aspect may be attributed, in part, to the current spatial and temporal heterogeneity-based limitations in therapies with possible recurrence of this tumor at primary and/or secondary sites. Such a phenotypic heterogeneity in breast cancer cannot be adequately/completely comprehended by immune-histopathology based classification alone. This finding has warranted research and development in the area of microarray (transcriptomic and proteomic)-based methods for an improved molecular classification of this complex and heterogeneous tumor. Further, since epigenetics can also be an important determinant in terms of diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, this review provides an insight into the molecular portrait in genetic & epigenetic terms. Specifically, the roles of characteristic DNA and histone-based modification as well as mi-RNA-based alterations have been discussed with specific examples. Also, their involvement in EMT processes in cancer stem cells has been outlined. Last but not least, the salient aspects and the advantages of ex vivo/in vitro 3D model systems in recapitulating several aspects of the tumor (specifically the architecture as well as the apico-basal polarity) are illustrated. This review hopes to provide the breast cancer researcher with information that can be of use not only for an improved and updated understanding of the epigenetics of breast cancer; tumor model development/refinement, evaluate biomarkers, understand drug resistance and test individual drugs/drug combinations and drug delivery systems.
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نویسندگان مقاله | Suresh Palamadai krishnan


نشانی اینترنتی http://celljournal.org/journal/article/abstract/5442
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