Today, one of the most common public health problems around the world is "domestic violence", which includes child abuse, spousal abuse, and mistreatment of the elderly. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors affecting the incidence of domestic violence. This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of its nature, is in the category of analytical research; its qualitative research method is of the content analysis type. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview, reference to documents, and the sampling method is a targeted method. The target population of this research includes the scientific and operational elites of the South Khorasan Police Command, including the board of directors, specialized police commanders, general operational managers and scientific professors, and all spouses of families who go to police station counseling centers due to family violence.  The number of participants includes 27 scientific and operational elites of Birjand and spouses affected by domestic violence (due to reaching theoretical saturation). According to the obtained results and the analyzes made from the open, central and selective codings, the factors affecting in the incidence of domestic violence include economic, social and cultural dimensions. According to the investigations and the results of the present research, the need for the attention of the relevant authorities and the education of families and individuals to learn about the psychological and social consequences of violent behavior is more important than ever.