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International Journal of Occupational Hygiene، جلد ۱۶، شماره ۲، صفحات ۲۵-۳۴
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عنوان انگلیسی The Effect of Microwave and Radiofrequency Waves of Mobile phones on Male Reproductive Cells: A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Background: The increasing global use of mobile phones has raised concerns about the potential effects of microwave (MW) and radiofrequency (RF) radiation on male reproductive health. This systematic review aims to evaluate recent evidence (2015–2024) regarding the impact of mobile phone exposure on male reproductive cells. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using keywords such as “mobile phones” ,“sperm” and “reproduction.” Studies were screened based on predefined inclusion criteria, and data were extracted by year, geographic location, exposure frequency, and reproductive outcomes. Results: The review revealed that sperm motility and morphology were the most frequently examined parameters. Experimental studies—particularly those involving animal models—dominate the literature, with a notable concentration of research originating from Asian countries such as India. However, a striking lack of cohort studies remains, limiting insights into long-term, real-world effects on human fertility. Conclusion: This review highlights potential adverse effects of mobile phone exposure on male reproductive cells but emphasizes the need for standardized methodologies and additional cohort studies to fill existing gaps. Future research should prioritize well-controlled, longitudinal cohort studies to clarify associated risks and guide public health recommendations, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of mobile phone use.
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نویسندگان مقاله | Mahdi Jafari Nodoushan
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran


| Ali Jafari
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran


| Mostafa Jafari Zaveh
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran


| Vida Rezaei Hachesu
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran


| Mohammad Reza Monazzam
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
نشانی اینترنتی https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/view/669
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