Benign thyroid nodules are among the most common endocrine disorders, potentially causing compressive symptoms or cosmetic concerns. The two main therapeutic approaches for managing these nodules are thyroid surgery and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). While surgery is considered the standard method with high efficacy in nodule removal, it carries potential risks such as postoperative complications, prolonged hospitalization, and scarring. In contrast, RFA, as a minimally invasive technique, offers advantages including reduced risk of complications, preservation of normal thyroid function, shorter recovery time, and minimal scarring. Based on current evidence, RFA can be considered a safe and effective treatment option for patients with benign thyroid nodules.